### Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications (SIGMA)

SIGMA 15 (2019), 049, 17 pages      arXiv:1907.01161      https://doi.org/10.3842/SIGMA.2019.049
Contribution to the Special Issue on Algebraic Methods in Dynamical Systems

### Heteroclinic Orbits and Nonintegrability in Two-Degree-of-Freedom Hamiltonian Systems with Saddle-Centers

Kazuyuki Yagasaki and Shogo Yamanaka
Department of Applied Mathematics and Physics, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan

Received January 29, 2019, in final form June 21, 2019; Published online July 02, 2019

Abstract
We consider a class of two-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian systems with saddle-centers connected by heteroclinic orbits and discuss some relationships between the existence of transverse heteroclinic orbits and nonintegrability. By the Lyapunov center theorem there is a family of periodic orbits near each of the saddle-centers, and the Hessian matrices of the Hamiltonian at the two saddle-centers are assumed to have the same number of positive eigenvalues. We show that if the associated Jacobian matrices have the same pair of purely imaginary eigenvalues, then the stable and unstable manifolds of the periodic orbits intersect transversely on the same Hamiltonian energy surface when sufficient conditions obtained in previous work for real-meromorphic nonintegrability of the Hamiltonian systems hold; if not, then these manifolds intersect transversely on the same energy surface, have quadratic tangencies or do not intersect whether the sufficient conditions hold or not. Our theory is illustrated for a system with quartic single-well potential and some numerical results are given to support the theoretical results.

Key words: nonintegrability; Hamiltonian system; heteroclinic orbits; saddle-center; Melnikov method; Morales-Ramis theory; differential Galois theory; monodromy.

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