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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>openInOut -- open an input output file</title> <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../Macaulay2/Style/doc.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../Macaulay2/Style/katex/katex.min.css"> <script defer="defer" src="../../../../Macaulay2/Style/katex/katex.min.js"></script> <script defer="defer" src="../../../../Macaulay2/Style/katex/contrib/auto-render.min.js"></script> <script> var macros = { "\\break": "\\\\", "\\ZZ": "\\mathbb{Z}", "\\NN": "\\mathbb{N}", "\\QQ": "\\mathbb{Q}", "\\RR": "\\mathbb{R}", "\\CC": "\\mathbb{C}", "\\PP": "\\mathbb{P}" }, delimiters = [ { left: "$$", right: "$$", display: true}, { left: "\\[", right: "\\]", display: true}, { left: "$", right: "$", display: false}, { left: "\\(", right: "\\)", display: false} ], ignoredTags = [ "kbd", "var", "samp", "script", "noscript", "style", "textarea", "pre", "code", "option" ]; document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() { renderMathInElement(document.body, { delimiters: delimiters, macros: macros, ignoredTags: ignoredTags, trust: true }); }); </script> <style>.katex { font-size: 1em; }</style> <script defer="defer" src="../../../../Macaulay2/Style/katex/contrib/copy-tex.min.js"></script> <script defer="defer" src="../../../../Macaulay2/Style/katex/contrib/render-a11y-string.min.js"></script> <script src="../../../../Macaulay2/Style/prism.js"></script> <script>var current_version = '1.25.06';</script> <script src="../../../../Macaulay2/Style/version-select.js"></script> <link type="image/x-icon" rel="icon" href="../../../../Macaulay2/Style/icon.gif"> </head> <body> <div id="buttons"> <div> <a href="https://macaulay2.com/">Macaulay2</a> <span id="version-select-container"></span> » <a title="Macaulay2 documentation" href="index.html">Documentation </a> <br><a href="_packages_spprovided_spwith_sp__Macaulay2.html">Packages</a> » <span><a title="Macaulay2 documentation" href="index.html">Macaulay2Doc</a> » <a href="___The_sp__Macaulay2_splanguage.html">The Macaulay2 language</a> » <a href="_system_spfacilities.html">system facilities</a> » <a href="_using_spsockets.html">using sockets</a> » <a title="open an input output file" href="_open__In__Out.html">openInOut</a></span> </div> <div class="right"> <form method="get" action="https://www.google.com/search"> <input placeholder="Search" type="text" name="q" value=""> <input type="hidden" name="q" value="site:macaulay2.com/doc"> </form> <a href="_open__Out_lp__String_rp.html">next</a> | <a href="_open__In_lp__String_rp.html">previous</a> | <a href="_open__Out_lp__String_rp.html">forward</a> | <a href="_open__In_lp__String_rp.html">backward</a> | <a href="_using_spsockets.html">up</a> | <a href="master.html">index</a> | <a href="toc.html">toc</a> </div> </div> <hr> <div> <h1>openInOut -- open an input output file</h1> <ul> <li> <dl class="element"> <dt>Usage: </dt> <dd><code class="language-macaulay2">openInOut f</code></dd> </dl> </li> <li>Inputs: <ul> <li><span><span class="tt">f</span>, <span>a <a title="the class of all strings" href="___String.html">string</a></span> or <span>a <a title="the class of all files" href="___File.html">file</a></span></span></li> </ul> </li> <li>Outputs: <ul> <li><span>an open input output file</span></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <div> <h2>Description</h2> <p>There are various options for the argument <span class="tt">f</span>.</p> <ul> <li>a string not starting with <span class="tt">!</span> or <span class="tt">$</span>: the string is taken as the name of an input output file to open. For example, in Unix, it might be a named pipe. A filename starting with <span class="tt">~/</span> will have the tilde replaced by the user's home directory.</li> <li>a string of the form <span class="tt">"!cmd"</span>: the command <span class="tt">cmd</span> will be started, and two pipes will be opened, connected to its standard input and standard output file descriptors. Warning: pipes hold only 4096 bites, so if you write more than that to the resulting input output file (as input for the command) without reading any data, you may block while the command is blocked waiting to write more output; in this case, Macaulay2 will appear to hang.</li> <li>a string of the form <span class="tt">"$hostname:service"</span>: a connection will be made to the specified service at the specified host. If the service port is omitted, along with the colon, then port 2500 is used. If the hostname is omitted, an incoming connection will be waited for.</li> <li>a listener created previously by <a title="open a port for listening" href="_open__Listener_lp__String_rp.html">openListener</a>: a new connection will be created. To avoid blocking the Macaulay2 process while waiting for the incoming connection, use <a title="whether a file has data available for reading" href="_is__Ready_lp__File_rp.html">isReady</a>.</li> </ul> <p>In order to open a socket successfully, there must be a process accepting connections for the desired service on the specified host.</p> <p>The various forms listed above can be used also with all other input output operations that open files, such as <a title="open an input file" href="_open__In_lp__String_rp.html">openIn</a>, <a title="open an output file" href="_open__Out_lp__String_rp.html">openOut</a>, <a title="get the contents of a file" href="_get.html">get</a>, and <a title="a binary operator, used for bit shifting or file output" href="__lt_lt.html"><<</a>, with data transfer possible only in the direction specified. A possibly confusing asymmetry is that with <span class="tt">openIn "!foo"</span> or with <span class="tt">get "!foo"</span> the standard input of the command <span class="tt">foo</span> is closed, but with <span class="tt">openOut "!foo"</span> the standard output of the command <span class="tt">foo</span> is connected to the standard output of the parent Macaulay2 process.</p> </div> <div> <h2>See also</h2> <ul> <li><span><a title="open an input file" href="_open__In_lp__String_rp.html">openIn</a> -- open an input file</span></li> <li><span><a title="open an output file" href="_open__Out_lp__String_rp.html">openOut</a> -- open an output file</span></li> <li><span><a title="open a port for listening" href="_open__Listener_lp__String_rp.html">openListener</a> -- open a port for listening</span></li> </ul> </div> <div> <div class="waystouse"> <h2>Ways to use <span class="tt">openInOut</span>:</h2> <ul> <li><kbd>openInOut(File)</kbd></li> <li><kbd>openInOut(String)</kbd></li> </ul> </div> <div class="waystouse"> <h2>For the programmer</h2> <p>The object <a title="open an input output file" href="_open__In__Out.html">openInOut</a> is <span>a <a title="the class of all compiled functions" href="___Compiled__Function.html">compiled function</a></span>.</p> </div> <hr> <div class="waystouse"> <p>The source of this document is in <span class="tt">Macaulay2Doc/ov_system.m2:537:0</span>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>